Last Updates
In January 2025, the U.S. Congress passed the Laken Riley Act , marking a significant shift in immigration enforcement policy. The Act requires the Department of Homeland Security to detain certain non-U.S. nationals who have been arrested for theft-related offenses such as burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting. Under this Act, the Department of Homeland Security must detain an individual who: (1) is unlawfully present in the United States or did not possess the necessary documents when applying for admission; and (2) has been charged with, arrested for, convicted of, or admits to having committed acts that constitute the essential elements of burglary, theft, larceny, or shoplifting. The Act also authorizes states to sue the federal government for decisions or alleged failures related to immigration enforcement. It authorizes state governments to sue for injunctive relief over certain immigration-related decisions or alleged failures by the federal government if the decision or failure caused the state or its residents harm, including financial harm of more than $100. Specifically, the state government may sue the federal government over a: Decision to release a non-U.S. national from custody; Failure to fulfill requirements relating to inspecting individuals seeking admission into the United States, including requirements related to asylum interviews; Failure to fulfill a requirement to stop issuing visas to nationals of a country that unreasonably denies or delays acceptance of nationals of that country; Violation of limitations on immigration parole, such as the requirement that parole be granted only on a case-by-case basis; or Failure to detain an individual who has been ordered removed from the United States. The Act's stringent detention requirements may lead to increased fear and uncertainty within immigrant communities. Individuals who are merely accused of certain crimes could face mandatory detention. The Act may also affect legal immigration processes. Increased detention and deportation efforts could strain resources, potentially leading to delays in processing visas and asylum applications. Given the evolving legal landscape: Stay Informed and/or Seek Legal Counsel - Consult with your immigration attorney to understand how new laws and policies may affect your situation and if you or someone you know is facing immigration-related legal issues. Know Your Rights - Familiarize yourself with your legal rights, especially concerning interactions with law enforcement and immigration authorities. Community Engagement - Participate in community organizations that provide support and resources for immigrants, fostering a network of assistance and advocacy. If you have any questions or would like to consult with an experienced immigration attorney, contact our office to schedule a consultation.
In a renewed wave of enforcement, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has started sending formal alerts to certain F-1 students participating in Optional Practical Training (OPT), flagging that their records reflect over 90 days without any reported employment. These students have been advised to update their employment status in the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) within 15 days. Failure to take timely corrective action may lead to the termination of the student's SEVIS record, effectively marking them as out of status, and may ultimately trigger removal proceedings. The notices are intended as a warning that students who do not comply with OPT reporting obligations are at risk of serious immigration consequences. Understanding OPT and Its Unemployment Limits Optional Practical Training (commonly referred to as “OPT”) is a work authorization benefit that allows eligible F-1 international students to gain hands-on experience in their field of study. Students may apply for pre-completion OPT (while still in school) or post-completion OPT (after graduation), typically for up to 12 months. Those with degrees in qualifying STEM fields may apply for an additional 24-month STEM OPT extension, giving them a total of 36 months of work authorization in the U.S. To maintain valid F-1 status while on OPT, students must remain actively employed in a position related to their field of study. The amount of time a student may remain in the United States while on OPT without being properly employed is capped at: 90 days during the standard 12-month post-completion OPT, and 150 days for those on the STEM OPT extension, which includes any days of unemployment accrued during the initial OPT period. These unemployment limits are cumulative and enforced strictly through SEVIS monitoring. What Should F-1 Students Do? If you are an F-1 student on OPT or STEM OPT and receive a warning or are unsure about your compliance status, act quickly: Contact your Designated School Official (DSO) immediately to review and, if necessary, update your SEVIS record. Ensure all employment is properly documented and reported through your school’s international office. Do not ignore warning notices, as failure to respond may lead to SEVIS termination and potentially the initiation of removal proceedings. It is also advisable to consult with a qualified immigration attorney to explore available options and understand how enforcement actions may affect your status or future immigration plans. If you received a notice or have questions about your F-1 status, our attorneys are here to help you take the right steps to protect your future in the United States. Contact us today to schedule a consultation.
Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C., a full-service immigration law firm with global reach, is proud to announce the promotion of attorney Kris Quadros-Ragar, effective immediately. This marks a significant milestone, as Kris becomes the first Partner in the firm’s history, reflecting both her outstanding contributions and the firm’s long-term vision for growth and leadership development. Holding a Law Degree from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) in Brazil and a Master of Laws (LL.M.) degree with a Business Law certificate from the University of Southern California (USC) Gould School of Law, Kris brings strong academic training to her legal work. As a California-licensed attorney, her international background and personal experience as an immigrant offer a distinct and valuable perspective to the firm’s global immigration practice. Kris is deeply committed to helping clients navigate the complexities of the U.S. immigration system, combining legal insight, strategic thinking, and empathy to support their goals. Her work has had a meaningful impact on the firm’s success and on the lives of the individuals and families she serves. As a full-service immigration law firm with a global mission, we recognize that strong, principled leadership is essential to advancing both our clients’ goals and our firm’s legacy. Kris’s promotion as our first Partner is a testament to her talent, integrity, and deep alignment with the values that define Santos Lloyd Law Firm: excellence, diversity, and innovation. Her insight and experience will play a vital role in expanding our services and maintaining the high standards our clients expect in business, sports, entertainment, and family immigration matters. Santos Lloyd Law Firm congratulates Kris on this well-deserved promotion and looks forward to her continued leadership in this new role.
The U nonimmigrant status (U visa) offers vital protection and legal relief to victims of certain crimes who have suffered mental or physical abuse and are willing to assist law enforcement in the investigation or prosecution of the crime. U visa recipients are granted a work authorization card and can live and work legally in the United States for up to four years, with a path to lawful permanent residency (green card) after having a U visa for three years. The U visa serves as a beacon of hope for survivors of crime who courageously step forward to help law enforcement while navigating their own recovery. Understanding the eligibility criteria and gathering the right documentation is essential to building a strong case. To qualify for a U visa, an applicant must meet all of the following criteria: 1. Victim of a Qualifying Crime You must have been a victim of a qualifying criminal activity , such as: Domestic violence Sexual assault Human trafficking Kidnapping Felonious assault Extortion Witness tampering Other serious offenses A full list of qualifying crimes is provided by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services under INA § 101(a)(15)(U). See also: https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/victims-of-criminal-activity-u-nonimmigrant-status . 2. Suffered Substantial Physical or Mental Abuse You must demonstrate that you suffered substantial harm as a result of the crime. This may include: Physical injuries Psychological trauma Lasting emotional distress 3. Helpful to Law Enforcement You must be, have been, or are likely to be helpful in the investigation or prosecution of the crime. This includes: Reporting the crime to authorities Cooperating with police or prosecutors Providing information that aids law enforcement efforts A law enforcement certification (Form I-918, Supplement B) is required as proof of this cooperation. 4. The Crime Occurred in the U.S. or Violated U.S. Laws The criminal activity must have: Taken place in the U.S., its territories, or possessions, and Violated U.S. federal, state, or local laws Applicants must also be admissible to the United States. If you are not, based on your immigration history, you may request a waiver using Form I-192 (Application for Advance Permission to Enter as a Nonimmigrant) . Certain qualifying family members may be included in your U visa petition: If you are under 21 years old: Your parents, unmarried siblings under 18, spouse, and children may be eligible to apply with you. If you are 21 years or older: Your spouse and children may qualify to apply with you. Each derivative must meet specific requirements and file appropriate forms. If you have any questions or would like to know more about the U visa eligibility requirements, contact our office to schedule a consultation with one of our experienced immigration attorneys.
If you’ve ever dreamed of bringing your culinary artistry to the United States —whether as a chef in a high-end kitchen, a pastry artisan designing edible masterpieces, or a baker introducing centuries-old family recipes to American diners—there may be a visa that fits you as well as your favorite apron. In the vibrant world of U.S. immigration, two options shine particularly bright for culinary professionals: the O-1B and the P-3 visa. While many assume these are only for Hollywood stars or folk musicians, the reality is that they’ve opened doors for creative professionals across fields—including those whose medium is flavor. Let’s start with the O-1B visa . This visa is for individuals with “extraordinary ability” in the arts, which USCIS defines as someone who has achieved distinction through national or international acclaim. Think of it as a spotlight on your achievements—whether you’ve been featured in culinary magazines, headlined food festivals, worked in renowned kitchens, or garnered praise from respected critics and chefs. You don’t need a Michelin star (though it doesn’t hurt)—you just need to prove that your skill and reputation put you in a class above the rest. With this visa, you can work in the U.S. for up to three years, with the possibility of extensions if you're still cooking up success. Now, if your passion lies in preserving and sharing your cultural heritage through cuisine, the P-3 visa may be the better fit. Designed for artists and entertainers coming to the U.S. to perform, teach, or coach as part of a “culturally unique” program, the P-3 visa is perfect for chefs trained in traditional methods who want to introduce authentic ethnic flavors to American tables. For example, a Japanese sushi master teaching regional techniques at culinary schools, a French chef recreating the rustic dishes of Provence in a farm-to-table restaurant in California, or an Italian baker bringing regional specialties like Sicilian cassata or Roman maritozzi to a bakery in Brooklyn. According to USCIS, the program must aim to “further the understanding or development of your art form,” and can be commercial or noncommercial in nature. The visa lasts for one year, with extensions available. So why are these options such a win for culinary professionals? For one, they bypass the long timelines and complexities of labor certification. They’re faster, more affordable, and allow your talent—or your tradition—to speak for itself. In an era where Americans are increasingly craving authentic global flavors, having a native expert in the kitchen isn’t just a trend—it’s an experience. And the U.S. immigration system is catching on. At Santos Lloyd Law Firm, we’ve helped countless culinary professionals find the right visa to match their dreams. Whether your story is written in saffron and smoke or flour and sugar, we’re here to help you bring it to life in the United States. Ready to take your career stateside? Contact us to get started—because your next chapter may be just one visa away.
In recent months, the U.S. government has intensified its vetting procedures for individuals seeking entry into the United States, whether through visa applications abroad or inspection at ports of entry. This shift, prioritized by the current administration, is having a noticeable impact on immigrants, visa holders, and even lawful permanent residents (LPRs). At U.S. consulates worldwide, applicants are experiencing increased delays , often being placed into administrative processing under Section 221(g) or referred for Security Advisory Opinions (SAOs) , which can significantly prolong visa issuance. Officers are now engaging in deeper reviews of applicants' backgrounds, including their t ravel histories, social media accounts, and foreign ties . This scrutiny applies to a wide range of visa categories, from visitor visas to employment-based petitions. Importantly, officers are exercising broader discretion when deciding who qualifies for a visa, making the process more unpredictable, even for applicants with strong cases. This enhanced vetting does not end at the consulate. Individuals entering the U.S. — even those with valid visas or green cards — are increasingly subject to prolonged secondary inspections by Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Officers may ask detailed questions about prior immigration history, travel patterns, and social media activity. In some cases, travelers are asked to provide access to their electronic devices for further inspection. There are also growing reports of travelers being referred to deferred inspection or even issued a Notice to Appear (NTA) for removal proceedings, despite previously lawful entries. While some of these practices have existed in the past, the current administration has formalized and expanded them. Experts warn that additional travel restrictions or targeted bans could also emerge as part of the administration’s enforcement priorities. For employment-based applicants, these delays and complications can severely impact U.S. businesses and foreign nationals who contribute critical skills to the U.S. economy. It is more important than ever to be well-prepared before attending a visa interview or traveling internationally. Understanding your rights and preparing thoroughly can help you navigate this uncertain landscape. At Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C. , our immigration attorneys are ready to guide you through this evolving process and ensure you are informed, supported, and protected. Please contact us if you have questions or need assistance.
On March 31, 2024, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) implemented a policy update that limits gender marker selections on all immigration forms and systems to two biological sexes: male and female. This change eliminates the option for applicants to select a non-binary or “X” gender marker—an option that had previously been permitted on some forms. While USCIS emphasizes that this update does not change who qualifies for immigration benefits, it may significantly impact how certain applications—particularly asylum claims based on gender identity-related persecution—are understood and evaluated. What Has Changed? Under the revised policy, applicants may now only choose “Male” or “Female” when completing USCIS forms. The ability to select a non-binary or third-gender option is no longer available. Applicants may still request to change their gender marker with USCIS, but only within the male/female binary. Supporting documentation, such as medical or legal records, is not required to make the change. This means that transgender individuals can still align their gender marker with their identity—if it falls within the two binary categories—but non-binary individuals are no longer represented. The change follows guidance issued by the federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which called for greater consistency in the collection of sex and gender data across federal agencies. Impact on Asylum Applicants This policy update is especially important for individuals applying for asylum based on persecution related to their gender identity. Under U.S. immigration law, asylum is available to people who have suffered persecution—or fear future persecution—based on their membership in a “particular social group.” This includes people targeted for being transgender, gender non-conforming, or otherwise not aligning with socially expected gender roles in their home country. Although the legal standard for asylum remains unchanged, the removal of the non-binary gender marker could make it harder for some applicants to clearly present and document their identity. In asylum cases, credibility and clarity are crucial. The ability to accurately reflect one’s gender identity on official forms can play an important role in establishing the foundation of a persecution claim. Now, applicants who identify as non-binary or outside the traditional male/female categories may be forced to select a gender that does not align with their lived experience. This could lead to confusion in their case file or require additional explanation during interviews or hearings. This policy could weaken the strength of some asylum claims—not because the underlying facts have changed, but because the official forms now fail to reflect the applicant’s true identity. For example: A non-binary person applying for asylum after being targeted in their home country may now have to select “Male” or “Female” on their asylum application, despite not identifying as either. This mismatch may lead adjudicators to question the applicant’s identity, possibly weakening the strength of the claim or requiring added clarification and documentation. In defensive asylum cases—where applicants are in removal proceedings—such inconsistencies could create unnecessary hurdles and complicate the evidentiary presentation. What Can Applicants Do? Despite the change, individuals can still pursue asylum based on gender identity. The underlying eligibility criteria remain the same. However, applicants should be prepared to clearly explain any differences between their stated identity and the gender marker required on USCIS forms. Applicants are encouraged to: Include a personal declaration explaining their gender identity in detail and how it relates to their fear of persecution. Provide evidence such as affidavits, country condition reports, or expert testimony that supports the claim. Work with an experienced immigration attorney who can help present the claim effectively and prepare for any questions that might arise from the new form limitations. The new USCIS policy on gender markers may seem like a technical update, but for asylum seekers fleeing gender-based persecution, it has real implications. While individuals are still legally eligible to seek protection, the limitation to binary gender options could make it more difficult to fully and clearly present their case. If you or someone you know is facing immigration challenges related to gender identity—or is concerned about how this policy may impact an asylum claim—please contact Santos Lloyd Law Firm to schedule a consultation with one of our experienced immigration attorneys. We’re here to help ensure your voice is heard and your case is handled with the care and expertise it deserves.
Our Services and Team
Santos Lloyd Law Firm, P.C. has established many practice areas, where each consists of sub-areas of specialization. Our lawyers are equipped with in-depth legal knowledge and know-how of every jurisdiction covering the following areas:
Business
Business
Business immigration is the largest and most actively evolving part of immigration law. Our immigration law firm covers work visas, investor visas, employment-based green cards, and permanent residence for talented individuals.
Family
Family
Family immigration is the primary basis for legal immigration to the United States. We help U.S. citizens and permanent residents sponsor their loved ones to be able to legally live and work in the U.S. with visas, green cards and citizenship.
Entertainment
Entertainment
Visas O or P are for the individual who possesses extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics, or who has a demonstrated record of extraordinary achievement in the motion picture or television industry and has been recognized nationally or internationally for those achievements.
Athletes
Athletes
Visas O or P are for the individual who possesses athletics extraordinary ability, or who has a demonstrated record of extraordinary achievement in athletic competition and has been recognized nationally or internationally for those achievements.
Student
Student
The F-1 Visa (Academic Student) allows you to enter the United States as a full-time student at an accredited college, university, seminary, conservatory, academic high school, elementary school, or other academic institution or in a language training program
Other Legal Services
Other Legal Services
Other legal representation services in pursuing your lawful Non-Immigrant Visa or permanent residence.
Our Team
Our immigration attorneys have extensive experience in immigration law and can guarantee you competent and effective legal representation in pursuing your lawful Non-Immigrant Visa or permanent residence.
Flavia Santos Lloyd, Esq.
Managing Partner
Attorney Flavia Santos Lloyd is passionate about immigration law and the community she serves. As an immigrant herself, Ms. Santos Lloyd can relate to her clients’ experience during the immigration process. With focus on quality customer service, zealous and diligent representation of her clients, and a proven track record, she has served a wide range of her clients’ immigration needs.
Ms. Santos Lloyd is a Certified Specialist in Immigration and Nationality Law by the State Bar of California and a member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA), the American Bar Association (ABA), Orange County and Los Angeles County Bar Associations, Orange County Hispanic Bar Association, among other organizations, and she is an active member of the State Bar of California.
Kris Quadros-Ragar, Esq.
Partner
Attorney Kris Quadros-Ragar is enthusiastic and dedicated to helping others pursue their dreams through immigration. An immigrant herself, Kris brings a deeply personal perspective to her work, rooted in both lived experience and a rich international academic background. She holds a Law Degree from the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) in Brazil and a Master of Laws (LL.M.) with a certificate in Business Law from the prestigious University of Southern California (USC) Gould School of Law in Los Angeles.
Before joining Santos Lloyd Law, Kris served as an associate attorney at a boutique trust and estates law firm in California. Her exposure to complex legal strategies, combined with her familiarity with federal agency requirements and procedures, in addition to her own journey navigating the U.S. immigration system, inspired her to focus her career on immigration law.
Serving as the strategy attorney for the firm’s employment-based immigration department, Kris leads with precision, thoughtfulness, and creativity. Her practice focuses on representing individuals of extraordinary and exceptional ability, including artists across a wide range of disciplines, professional athletes, seasoned entrepreneurs, and innovators launching startups in the United States.
Kris is admitted to the State Bar of California and is a proud member of the American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA).
We're Social
Keep Up-To-Date With Us
