Je n'ai pas été sélectionné(e) pour la loterie H1B - Que faire ?

Kris Quadros-Ragar • May 30, 2024

Click here to read this article in English


Rater la loterie H1B peut être ressenti comme un revers important, en particulier pour ceux qui sont impatients de travailler aux États-Unis. Cependant, tout espoir n'est pas perdu. Il existe de nombreuses voies et options à envisager si vous n'êtes pas sélectionné lors de la première loterie H1B.

1. Deuxième chance à la loterie de l'année en cours

Les personnes qui n'ont pas été sélectionnées dans un premier temps peuvent bénéficier d'une « deuxième chance ». Les inscriptions qui n'ont pas été sélectionnées lors de la loterie du mois de mars restent dans la réserve en vue d'un éventuel deuxième tirage au sort si les personnes initialement sélectionnées n'ont pas achevé leur procédure d'inscription avant la date limite du 30 juin. Cela signifie que votre inscription peut encore être sélectionnée plus tard dans l'année. Bien que la probabilité d'être sélectionné lors de cette seconde chance soit faible en raison du grand nombre d'inscriptions, il s'agit d'une possibilité qui mérite d'être conservée.

2. Se préparer pour la loterie de l'année suivante

Dans l'attente d'un éventuel second tirage au sort, il est judicieux de se préparer à déposer une demande d'enregistrement H1B pour la loterie de l'année suivante. Pour les employeurs, le maintien de l'autorisation de travail d'un employé aux États-Unis est essentiel et nécessite une planification minutieuse, en particulier si l'employé se trouve actuellement aux États-Unis avec un statut de visa différent.

3. Programmes d'études supplémentaires

Pour les titulaires d'un visa F-1 qui arrivent au terme de leur OPT ou de leur STEM OPT, il peut être avantageux d'envisager de poursuivre leurs études. L'inscription à un autre programme universitaire peut vous permettre de bénéficier d'une formation pratique (Curricular Practical Training, CPT), qui vous donne une autorisation de travail liée à votre domaine d'études.

4. Emploi auprès d'employeurs exemptés du plafond H-1B

Une autre stratégie viable consiste à chercher un emploi auprès d'organisations exemptes de plafond. Il s'agit notamment des établissements d'enseignement supérieur, des entités à but non lucratif affiliées à des établissements d'enseignement et des organismes de recherche gouvernementaux. Travailler pour un employeur exempté de l'obligation de visa vous permet d'éviter le système de loterie.

5.  Autres options de visa

Plusieurs autres catégories de visas peuvent correspondre à votre situation si le visa H1B n'est pas disponible pour le moment:
  • Visas E-1 et E-2: Pour les ressortissants de pays signataires d'un traité commercial avec les États-Unis, engagés dans des activités commerciales ou d'investissement substantielles.
  • Visa E-3: Destiné spécifiquement aux citoyens australiens, ce visa présente des similitudes avec le visa H1B, mais n'est pas soumis au plafond.
  • Visa H-1B1: Accessible aux ressortissants de Singapour et du Chili, il offre des avantages similaires à ceux du visa H1B, mais n'est pas soumis aux restrictions de plafond.
  • Visas O-1 ou P-1: Pour les personnes qui font preuve de capacités extraordinaires dans leur domaine ou qui sont internationalement reconnues.
  • Visa TN: Pour les ressortissants canadiens et mexicains exerçant certaines professions, permettant un accès plus facile au travail aux États-Unis sans limite de plafond.
  • Visa L-1: Permet les transferts à l'intérieur d'une même entreprise pour les sociétés multinationales.
6. Rechercher la résidence permanente

Si vous envisagez un avenir à long terme aux États-Unis, il pourrait être stratégique d'entamer la procédure de demande de carte verte. Bien qu'il s'agisse d'un processus plus long et plus complexe, il vaut la peine de discuter des possibilités - qu'elles soient basées sur l'emploi ou non - avec un avocat spécialisé dans l'immigration afin d'explorer votre éligibilité et les délais à respecter.

Chacune de ces voies nécessite une planification minutieuse et une bonne compréhension des conditions d'éligibilité et des délais spécifiques. L'équipe du cabinet Santos Lloyd Law Firm peut vous fournir des conseils personnalisés en fonction de votre situation particulière et vous aider à naviguer efficacement à travers ces alternatives.

Ce blog n'est pas destiné à fournir des conseils juridiques et rien ici ne doit être interprété comme établissant une relation avocat-client. Veuillez prendre rendez-vous avec un avocat spécialisé en droit de l'immigration avant d'agir sur la base de toute information lue ici.

Kris Quadros-Ragar


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