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Programa de Libertad Condicional para Emprendedores Internacionales (IEP)
Kyle Huffman • February 10, 2023
La revitalización de un programa suspendido temporalmente el año pasado generó entusiasmo entre los emprendedores, pero ¿qué ha sucedido desde entonces?
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El programa de Libertad Condicional para Emprendedores Internacionales (también llamado Regla para Emprendedores Internacionales) ha tenido una historia complicada. Lo que fue diseñado para convertirse en una nueva opción relativamente simple y directa para que los emprendedores inicien nuevas empresas en los Estados Unidos se ha convertido en un proceso largo y confuso, lleno de incertidumbre, lo que lo convierte en uno de los caminos menos deseables para los extranjeros, para crear legalmente una nueva empresa en los Estados Unidos.
El IEP se creó inicialmente durante la administración de Obama en enero de 2017, durante la sesión “lame duck” o pato cojo de Obama. En teoría, el programa sonaba como una excelente oportunidad para abrir más caminos legales para que los emprendedores crearan negocios en los Estados Unidos, impulsando aún más la economía de los Estados Unidos y aliviando la carga de opciones de inmigración más intensivas. Una persona que quisiera seguir este programa tendría que demostrar que cumple con los siguientes criterios:
- Participación sustancial (al menos el 10 %) en una entidad nueva que tiene potencial para un rápido crecimiento y creación de empleo.
- El emprendedor debe tener un papel central y activo en la nueva entidad.
- La entidad recientemente creada debe haber sido creada en los Estados Unidos dentro de los últimos cinco años.
Sin embargo, lo que en teoría era un gran concepto, no se ha traducido en un programa valioso o funcional en la práctica. Poco después de que el programa se introdujera, tarde en el segundo mandato de Obama, la nueva administración Trump presentó desafíos legales al programa. Esto hizo que el programa quedara en un estado de limbo mientras los desafíos se abrían paso en los tribunales. El programa estuvo disponible por un breve período entre diciembre de 2017 y mayo de 2018 después de que un tribunal federal anuló la regla que suspendía el programa. Sin embargo, esa suspensión terminó siendo de corta duración debido a que DHS anunció en mayo de 2018 que el programa se eliminaría. En junio de 2021, la administración de Biden restableció el programa IEP.
A pesar de que el programa está activo desde hace más de un año, todavía no logra su objetivo de restaurar la fe en el sistema de inmigración de los Estados Unidos. Hubo un puñado de solicitudes del programa IEP presentadas en el período entre diciembre de 2017 y mayo de 2018, lo que resultó en solo una solicitud de IEP
exitosa bajo la administración de Trump, que hemos encontrado.
Desde el relanzamiento del programa IEP en mayo de 2021, decenas de profesionales de la ley de inmigración han presentado cientos de solicitudes. Sin embargo, todavía hay informes mínimos de aplicaciones exitosas. Además, el procesamiento premium no está disponible actualmente para las solicitudes del programa IEP, y USCIS no publica los tiempos de procesamiento posterior para estas solicitudes. Esto hace que sea casi imposible para los profesionales estimar con precisión el cronograma completo para una solicitud de IEP. Además de la falta general de solicitudes exitosas, las solicitudes que están recibiendo respuestas han sido solicitudes de evidencia que supuestamente contienen secciones significativas de lenguaje repetitivo.
Con tanta incertidumbre sobre el tiempo de procesamiento de estas solicitudes y la falta de un número significativo de resultados exitosos con más de un año de tiempo desde la reactivación del programa, no es de extrañar qué los profesionales se han sentido frustrados con la administración de Biden por este programa.
En febrero de 2022, una coalición de abogados de inmigración y partes interesadas de la industria se unieron para crear la Coalición para el Emprendimiento Internacional, que escribió una carta abierta a la administración de Biden abogando por cambios para mejorar el programa IEP. Algunos de los cambios sugeridos incluyen publicar públicamente los tiempos de procesamiento del Formulario I-941, expandir el procesamiento premium al programa IEP y cambiar el departamento dentro de USCIS que es responsable de adjudicar las solicitudes de IEP a otro departamento que ya está capacitado para manejar tipos más similares de aplicaciones. La implementación de estos cambios contribuiría en gran medida a mejorar el programa de libertad condicional para emprendedores internacionales y, en última instancia, ayudaría a la administración de Biden a lograr su objetivo de restaurar la fe en el sistema de inmigración de Estados Unidos. Con suerte, la administración de Biden implementará estos cambios pronto y ayudará al programa IEP a alcanzar su máximo potencial.
Si tiene alguna pregunta sobre lo que significa para usted el programa de libertad condicional para emprendedores internacionales, programe una consulta con uno de nuestros experimentados abogados.
If you have any questions about what the International Entrepreneur Parole program means for you, please schedule a consultation with one of our experienced attorneys.
Esperamos con interés trabajar con usted.
Este blog no pretende ser un consejo legal y nada aquí debe interpretarse como el establecimiento de una relación abogado-cliente. Programe una consulta con un abogado de inmigración antes de actuar sobre cualquier información que lea aquí.
Kyle Huffman
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